Robert Sengstacke Abbott Biography

Abbot was born in Georgia on November 24, 1870. His parents, Thomas and Flora Abbott were both former slaves. Abbott’s father died when he was young, and his mother remarried John Sengstacke, a German immigrant.   Abbott attended Hampton Institute in 1892 where he studied printing as a trade. While attending Hampton, Abbott toured with the Hampton Quartet, a group similar to the Fisk Jubilee Singers. He graduated in 1896 and two years later, he graduated from Kent College of Law in Chicago. Following law school, Abbott made several attempts to establish himself as an attorney in Chicago. Due to racial discrimination, he was unable to practice law. Newspaper Publisher: The Chicago Defender In 1905, Abbott founded The Chicago Defender. With an investment of twenty-five cents, Abbott published the first edition of  The Chicago Defender  by using his landlord’s kitchen to print copies of the paper. The first edition of the newspaper was an actual collection of news clippings from other publications as well as Abbotts reporting.   By 1916,  The Chicago Defender’s  circulation was 50,000 and it was considered one of the best African-American newspapers in the United States. Within two years, the circulation had reached 125,000 and by the early 1920s, it was well over 200,000.   From the outset, Abbott employed yellow journalistic tactics-sensational headlines and dramatic news accounts of African-American communities. The paper’s tone was militant. Writers  referred to African-Americans, not as black or negro but as the race. Graphic images of lynchings, assaults and other acts of violence against African-Americans were published prominently in the paper. These images were not present to scare its readers, but rather, to shed light on lynchings and other acts of violence that African-Americans endured throughout the United States.  Through its coverage of the  Red Summer of 1919, the publication used these race riots to campaign for anti-lynching legislation. As an African-American news publisher, Abbott’s mission was not only to print news stories, he had a nine-point mission that included: American race prejudice must be destroyedThe opening up of all trade-unions to blacks as well as whites.Representation in the Presidents CabinetEngineers, firemen, and conductors on all American railroads, and all jobs in government.Representation in all departments of the police forces over the entire United StatesGovernment schools open to all American citizens in preference to foreignersMotormen and conductors on surface, elevated and motor bus lines throughout AmericaFederal legislation to abolish lynching.Full enfranchisement of all American citizens. Abbott was a supporter of The Great Migration and wanted southern African-Americans to escape the economic disadvantages and social injustice that plagued the South. Writers such as Walter White and Langston Hughes served as columnists; Gwendolyn Brooks published one of her earliest poems in the pages of the publication. The Chicago Defender and the Great Migration   In an effort to push the Great Migration forward, Abbott held an event on May 15, 1917, called the Great Northern Drive. The Chicago Defender  published train schedules and job listings in its advertising pages as well as editorials, cartoons, and news articles to persuade African-Americans to relocate to northern cities. As a result of Abbott’s depictions of the North, The Chicago Defender became known as â€Å"the greatest stimulus that the migration had.†Ã‚   Once African-Americans had reached northern cities, Abbott used the pages of the publication not only to show horrors of the South, but also the pleasantries of the North.

How Gender Stereotypes Have Always Been A Part Of Society

Gender stereotypes have always been a part of society through our communication and/or actions on a day to day basis. We see these stereotypes in â€Å"Day Star† by Rita Dove, â€Å"Girl† by Jamaica Kincaid, and â€Å"Barbie Doll† by Marge Piercy. â€Å"Day Star† by Rita Dove is about a mother who felt overwhelmed in her life as a stay at home mother. â€Å"Girl† by Jamaica Kincaid is about a mother trying to give her young daughter advice on how not to, as she put it, â€Å"be the slut she s so intent on being†, as well as general life advice. â€Å"Barbie Girl† by Marge Piercy was about a smart young lady who did not look how society wanted her to look so she cut off her legs and nose, her biggest features according to society around her and died. â€Å"Day Star†, by Rita Dove, is about a woman that feels overwhelmed in her duties as a mother and a wifea b as a result of a lack of time to herself. Her duties as both a mother and a wife seemingly never end for her, or any mother for that matter. She was always busy making sure her two children were satisfied and cared for and that her husband was satisfied. Throughout her day, she could only get a grasp of a single hour in which she could simply sit alone and have nothing to do wherein she could just be nothing. During that hour, she would simply ignore the things around her and be happy in being nothing. But, during the moments where she was back to her duties, she would reminisce and dream of her time alone. This is a portrayal of the idea that a wife andShow MoreRelatedYoung Children And Adults Alike1515 Words   |  7 PagesAfter† have taken on a life of their own, independent from the stories in which they were written. Beloved by children and adults alike, these stories have been passed down over multiple generations. Along with these stories come morals, values, and stereotypes. A prevalent stereotype found in fairy tales deals with genders and their norms and children in their early developmental years are exposed to these gender stereotypes. These are used as a tool to help children develop their gender identityRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of Gender Stereotypes1588 Words   |  7 PagesSociety today holds many stereotypes, and sometimes people will rebel against the stereotypes in order to embrace the individual and oppose social norms. However, some stereotypes are harder to rebel against than other. A stereotype that might be harder to break, either because the people who believe in that stereotype are too ignorant to look past it or because the people who need to rebel are not able to, is gender based stereotypes. One example of this type of stereotype is when gender roles appearRead MoreChildren s Influence On Gender Roles1250 Words   |  5 Pagesto Bandura and Mischel, â€Å"children learn gender roles in much the same way they learn other social behaviors: By watching the world around them and lear ning the outcomes of different actions. Thus, parents and others shape appropriate gender roles in children, and children learn what their culture considers appropriate behavior for males and females by simply watching how adults and peers act. Growing up, I was influenced by the â€Å"girly girl† gender stereotypes. My mother and sister are both very â€Å"girlyRead MoreGender Roles And Stereotypes1719 Words   |  7 PagesWhether it is consciously or unconsciously, we humans tend to characterize people by their gender. â€Å"Often, gender expectations or stereotypes shape our thoughts and interactions with others in subtle yet perceptible ways† (Block 1). When children enter the school environment, they will likely experience a number of issues relating to gender. They will continue to encounter gender issues throughout their lifetime, so it is important that we teach them to address these issues appropriately. TeachersRead MoreDifferences Between Sex And Gender1498 Words   |  6 PagesMany people tend to confuse between sex and gender thinking that they’re the same thing. Sex is the two main categories of male and female into which humans and most other living things are biologically divided in. Gender however, is the state of being male or female and typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones. Children in the same family have different experiences in their interactions with their mothers and fathers. Such differences may teachRead MoreGender, Gender And Gender Roles1437 Words   |  6 Pages Gender roles play an important role in society whether it is for good or for bad. These roles have been placed in society since the beginning of time. The term gender is socially created and it therefore categorizes men from women. How is gender defined, and what makes it different from the term sex? â€Å"†¦sex refers to the biological characteristics that distinguish women and men: sex chromosomes, reproductive organs, sex-specific hormones, and physical characteristics†¦Gender†¦ refers to the socialRead MoreHow Heteronormativity And Media Stereotypes On Queer People Express Their Sexualities1655 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: HOW HETERONORMATIVITY AND MEDIA STEREOTYPES IN SOCIETY INFLUENCES HOW QUEER PEOPLE EXPRESS THEIR SEXUALITIES How heteronormativity and media stereotypes influences how queer people express their sexualities Vanessa Gomes Ryerson University â€Å"Who is the man in the relationship?† â€Å"Who tops or bottoms?† These questions have become a fundamental part in queer people’s lives. Why do non queer people need for queer people and their relationships to imitate heternormativeRead MoreEssay On Gender Oppression1507 Words   |  7 PagesGender Oppression Nelson Mandela once said, Freedom cannot be achieved unless women have been emancipated from all forms of oppression. What Mandela is trying to convey is that society is being restrained by social norms and gender roles. While today’s society is not as controlled by gender as Mandela’s, women still continue to be oppressed by it. In the reading â€Å"The Cycle of Oppression,† the cycle is explained part by part, and why it is continuous is discovered. The cycle remains continuous becauseRead MoreGender Inequality : Gender And Gender1217 Words   |  5 PagesGender has always been an interesting topic to me. The cool thing about gender is that it differs so much, whether it be from country to country, or from periods of time. Gender even differs within the same country between different regions and cultures. Gender is one of those things that is never consistent, and could definitely change drastically in my lifetime. So what exactly is Gender? Often, people get the term gender confused with the term sex. Although they are associated with each otherRead MoreFairytales : The Way Of The Society And Mainstream Pop Culture1457 Words   |  6 PagesFor almost two centuries, fairytales have been a huge part of society and mainstream pop culture. Fairytales are ways creators explain the world to children. Fairytales give a platform to teach young children moral lessons and give them ideas on how to apply them to everyday situations in kid-friendly language. Even though fairytales are make believe stories, often the portrayal of males and females in them are not accurate. Women are often seen as damsels-in-distress who wait for a brave knight

The Effects Of Obesity On Society And Government - 1352 Words

The point at which the one last straw or nerve remains is a point at which an issue has been ignored until it can be avoided no more. The average weight of Americans- currently 24 pounds more than it was in 1960- is an issue that has been ignored for long enough and must become a matter that is acknowledged and discussed. Obesity affects both society and government; Therefore, society and government alike are responsible for facilitating this epidemic. In order to fight this health crisis, society should educate and encourage individuals about the risks and preventions of obesity but should not associate weight with a concrete appearance that cannot be broken, and government should should offer incentives without forcing people to become healthy by laws. People s decisions are influenced by their low self-confidence and their appearance due to society s obsession with appearance, an effect that society must reverse by educating about the risks and preventions of obesity while encouraging a healthy lifestyle. In some cases, when these perfect appearances can not be upheld the person turns to moping in front of the mirror, endless exercise, and unhappy feelings(Source D). In today s narcissist society, appearance is King and internal beauty is mixed in the shuffle. These levels of importance is the reason the overweight and obese have low confidence, and in turn for them to want to be secluded, and this can create new mental issues. They seem to turn back to food,Show MoreRelatedThe Reason Of Obesity And Obesity998 Words   |  4 PagesObesity Introduction: In these days, rates of overweight and obesity are growth faster in Australia. Fourteen million Australians are overweight or obese. More than five million Australians are obese. Australian adults (63%) are overweight or obese, almost 2 in 3. And children (25%) are overweight or obese. Obesity has overtaken smoking as the crucial cause of death and illness in Australia. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are 1.9 times as likely as non-indigenous Australians toRead MoreObesity And The United States1317 Words   |  6 PagesObesity in the United States In today’s world, obesity rate has been increased significantly. Among 196 countries of the world, the Unites States is ranked 19th, and one third of the population in the U.S. have obesity. Reason that people care about how much population is obsessed is that it is â€Å"linked to many of the major causes of death in the United States, including heart disease, some types of cancer, strokes, diabetes, and atherosclerosis† (Himes 73). 19th of the world may not seem very highRead MoreCauses and Effects of Obesity823 Words   |  3 PagesObesity occurs in all countries and it is one of the gravest problems in modern society. Mankinds around the world are concerned about obesity. One of the chief causes is unhealthy diets. Obesity is also due to lack of exercise and lack of education and awareness. Therefore obesity has various effects include risk of suffering from a range of health conditions, large fiscal expenditure on medical insurance and lack of self-esteem. One of the chief causes is unhealthy diets. There are high-calorieRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Of Children1437 Words   |  6 PagesIndividuals and societies link to obese children The obesity epidemic holds the responsibility to annihilate many of the health benefits that have contributed to the increased durability recognised in the world today. In 2014, approximately 41 million children under 5 years of age were affected by overweight or obesity. Today, progress in extinguishing childhood obesity has been gradual and conflicting. A greater number of children are, even from before birth, on the brink to developing obesity. ChildrenRead MoreAp English synthesis essay obesity636 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Obesity is a medical condition in which excess fats have grown and accumulated to the point of harm, and a shortened life expectancy. Obesity is a problem that has been more prominent in the 20th and 21st century and is now a main concern for both society and the government. It is the citizen’s duty to resolve this epidemic known as obesity in the United States. American society has created the concept of obesity. They identified what the perfect human should look like, and has outcasted everyoneRead MoreEffects Of Obesity On The Canadian Federal System889 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom the economic and institution driven implications of obesity on the Canadian federal system, the issue of obesity also targets the social circle of Canadian media, culture, values and global reputation. If the federal government does not take an active step in the stop against unhealthy eating, bad life style choices and obesity then the problem will continue to escalate. Public policy can be used to bring awareness to issues that effect and benefit many. There was an important study documentedRead MoreSociety s Acceptance Of An Epidemic Called Childhood Obesity843 Words   |  4 PagesCalled Childhood Obesity During the last 30 years, society has witnessed the alarming rate at which childhood obesity has grown. Childhood obesity is a growing epidemic in the United States. It affects more than 30 percent of children, making it the most common chronic disease of childhood (â€Å"What is Childhood Obesity†). It causes not only physical medical issues, but psychological issues as well. Yet, it seems to be accepted by society as the new norm. However, the negative effects of such diseaseRead MoreEssay about Should the Government Have a Say in Americans Diets?719 Words   |  3 Pagesinterference on American free will. Even though we hear a good argument on the government controlling our diets, most research show that the involvement of the government on our diets has shown little to no results. The most supportive argument why people are in an agreement with the government controlling what we eat is because of all the obese people in the country with medical problems. In fact obesity is one of the many problems society faces today. In addition, it causes many medical issues and affectsRead MoreObesity : A New Problem1640 Words   |  7 Pagesone of the biggest factors harming our well-being†¦obesity. This epidemic is somewhat of a new problem for our modern society, as generations before us generally faced the inverse problem. Obesity has been on a steady rise for many years now due in part to the modernization of our country and the technological benefits that go hand-in-hand with those advancements. As obesity has become a commonplace problem, we are now adapting aspects of our society for this epidemic, such as enlarging the size ofRead MoreMy Health Campaign Is About Obesity1624 Words   |  7 Pageshealth campaign is about Obesity. I will be planning a small-sc ale health education campaign on Obesity. I started off by producing a health campaign which was about Obesity and aimed in on people who were between 13 to 19 years old. Obesity can lead to serious health illnesses such as Coronary Heart Disease, High Blood Pressure, Stroke and Type 2 diabetes and in order to prevent these illnesses, health education campaigns are created to warn people about the effects of Obesity. National health campaigns

How I Write A Letter Of Interest - 980 Words

How to Write a Letter of Interest KENYANPRO Introduction How to apply for a job that you are interested but there is no appropriate job posting? So how you can apply? In this situation you need to express your desire to meet the hiring manager by email or a letter. And this letter is known as letter of interest. What is a Letter of Interest? Letter of interest is used when you want show your interest to the hiring manager for a job position that is available to you. You can use LinkedIn’s messaging platform, email or paper mail. But never use Facebook, it’s a social platform hiring managers might get annoyed to see you message in Facebook. Wait A Second Why Not Use A Cover Letter Then? Letter interest is a letter that you†¦show more content†¦You need to introduce yourself to a potential employer. Market Yourself: The second paragraph should be about your qualifications, skills, and experience if any. It’s also for you to indicate why you are interested in working for an employer and what value you will bring on board when hired. Thank You: The third and last paragraph is ideally for a thank you paragraph. This is where you need to thank the employer officially for reading the letter for the time he/she has taken to read the letter. It is also important that within this paragraph you specify your readiness to attend an interview. Signing Off: The last part of a letter of interest relates to the closing salutation. This area can be very tricky. Such phrases as warm regards and yours sincerely should not appear anywhere. Instead, you should use such simple signing off phrases as sincerely and regards. Letter of Interest Pitfalls With the rate of high unemployment in almost every region of the world, employers receive hundreds of letters of interest almost a daily basis. Unfortunately, only about 1% of these letters are ever considered. This may not be because there are limited job openings but because most letters contain serious mistakes that keep away hiring officials reading the letters. The following are some of the mistakes that job seekers need to avoid: Generalization – A letter of interest should not be a general letter that can be sent out to differentShow MoreRelatedMy Experience On Business Communications1228 Words   |  5 Pages My experience in business communications has helped me in my personal and professional life. I enjoyed being in class because I learned important things that are helping me in my college education and also in my personal life since the begging of the semester. First, I learned the importance of effectively communicating with others and the importance in planning messages in order to deliver the right messages to the right audience. For example, the impromptu presentation we made in the first fewRead MoreRichard Wright And Malcolm X1167 Words   |  5 Pagesfor burglary, during his time in prison then came the passion for knowledge and he wants to build his vocabulary on how to speak, and write letters appropriately to Mr. Elijah Muhammad. Richard wright becomes motivated when he comes across an article that made mention of H. L. Mencken being a fool and wants to know the reason for such a saying, Richard wrights’ difficulties was how to get a library card without cut reading the novel of H. L. Mencken. Richard Wright becomes transformed greatly notRead MoreReview Of Go Phhonulum Review1125 Words   |  5 Pagescontrolled vowel and the rest talk about l control vowels and Le control. For r control vowels the letter r controlled most always change the phonemes of the vowel. The vowel is followed by an L most always the vowel like a will change from short to the o sound. For the Le is mainly at the end in multi- syllables, words where the e is silent. For the letter y it is I friend so it will make the phoneme I or e. Then when teachers are teaching the lessons teacher need to make sure to use the advice fromRead MoreKatherine Bomer s Hidden Gems 1322 Words   |  6 Pagesexamining Jess’s 4th letter by using Katherine Bomer’s method of â€Å"hidden gems†. A gem in Jess’s letter would be â€Å"When I’m a teacher I want to be the nicest teacher in the world.† Jess started and ended this sentence with the correct punctuation. I feel like I can sense Jess’s passion about teaching. She writes that she wants to be the nicest teacher and I think that this captivating. Another gem would be â€Å"When I’m a grown-up I want to live in a manchine and be a millianare.† I think this sentenceRead MorePersonal Note On Writing And Writing1167 Words   |  5 Pagesthat I do not use when I write. Why? Most of the writing done by myself is boring essay’s I am forced to write in order to get a good grade. Though I received mostly A’s on my papers it was hard and annoying to write papers. In my history as a writer any subject, assignment, or just writing that I have done that I enjoyed was exciting and fun to write. When composing papers on subjects I am interested in, writing becomes more enjoyable. Growing up, fooling around with writing was something I didRead MoreI Graduate From Concordia University Essay1461 Words   |  6 PagesAs I graduate from Concordia University with a double major in psychology and behavioral science, I have many career and educational paths to pursue. One career goal in the forefront of my mind is a clinical psychologist. I have an interest in this career field because I have a strong interest in the diagnosis and treatment of severe mental illness. In order to be able to do such things in my future, further education is needed. Thus, postgraduate education is a strong interest of mine. UniversityRead MoreEminems Stan: Following the Form of a Dramatic Monologue Popularized by Robert Browning1088 Words   |  5 Pagesand is screaming in his girlfriend’s face because she keeps calling him Stanly when I would imagine he would want to be called Slim, or Eminem, or Marshal, and just the fact that you would write not one but multiple letters, as he mentions in the song, to a celebrity in the first place is just a bit weird and obsessive in a way because he is so obsessed with just wanting to talk to the person that he is writing letter to this person that he has met only once before in his lifetime acting like he hasRead MoreThe Color Purple Character Analysis1362 Words   |  6 Pagesto tell her own story. The Color purple is told in first person point of view through a series of private letters to God written by Celie throughput her life; this in itself demonstrates how scared and lonely Celie truly was. Opening with â€Å"You better not never tell nobody but God.† allows the reader to feel the male dominance that is enforced upon Celie and provides an explanation of the letters themselves. Celie only feels comfortable telling God what has occurred, she talks to no one else but GodRead MoreLanguage Is The Bridge Of Communication1138 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship. I love to write. I love the process of organizing my thoughts onto some medium and producing a something that reveals the inner thoughts of my soul and mind. I also love to read. I love how much freedom one has when delving into a book, learning what it has to offer and upon finishing it leaving with new information and ideas. I hate to speak. I hate the pressure of being on the spot and having to scramble and pro ject my thoughts to an audience and late realize that I didn’t say what I wantedRead MoreMy Experience At Arizona State University, Everything Is New For Me838 Words   |  4 Pagesyear that I been study at Arizona State University, everything is new for me. After learned ENG194, I truly learned a lot about how to write a good essay, how to write a good email, how to take an interview with other, how to take the team presentation, how to apply a job. All the knowledge from this class are very useful. In the first project, I knew how to write a professional email. Actually, I never use email in my high school, so I did not know how to write an email. Before the class, I just use

Maples Group v Simmons and Simmons

Question: Discuss about the Maples Group v Simmons and Simmons. Answer: Introduction: Can Aldi Supermarkets is negligent in their action. If yes, then can the supermarket protect itself under the defenses of negligence? The law of tort is a very important part of common law. The law of tort comprises of several other laws, such as, defamation, nuisance, negligence etc. The law of negligence simply states that no defendant should harm any plaintiff by his actions or omissions. But, in Donoghue v Stevenson (1932) it was held that if the defendant does so then he has committed an offence and is considered to be negligent. (P Latimer, 2012) But, it is not always that the defendant can be held negligent. There are few conditions which must be proved, which are called the essential elements of negligence. Duty of care - When the defendant does any act or omission, then, it is a duty in law that by his acts or omissions there should be no impairment that is caused to any person (plaintiff) (Electro Optics Systems West v NSW [2012]) If there are chances of any impairment, then, the defendant should not pursue with his acts. This duty of care is a legal obligation imposed on the defendant but the obligation can only be imposed provided: Proximity The defendant and plaintiff should share the relationship of proximity. Proximity implies that the plaintiff is placed at such a position so that any act/omission assumed by the defendant will affect the plaintiff directly, thereby making the plaintiff the neighbor of the defendant. It is an obligation on defendant to provide care to his neighbors (Graham Barclay Oysters v Ryan (2002)). Forseeability The defendant when assuming any of his acts or omissions, then, he is duty bound to give protection to the plaintiffs for those impacts which he can foresee reasonably. If the defendant can envisage the impact of his acts then he should provide duty of care to the plaintiffs (Caltex Refineries (Qld) Pty Ltd v Stavar [2009]). (M Eburn, 2013) Breach The defendant once imposed with the duty of care should follow the same. But, many a times the defendant fails to accommodate the duty of care that is imposed upon him in law. This non discharge of duty is called breach of duty of care (Paris v Stepney Borough Council[1950]. The duty is said to be breached when the level of protection that is anticipated from the defendant is not provided. The level of protection is not same in all situations. If the plaintiff is a child then the level is high, but, when the plaintiff is an adult then the level of protection is not very high (Boltonv Stone [1951]. Also, when the resultant damage is high then the level of protection that is sought from the acts or omission of the defendant is also high and vice versa. (Wyong Shire Council v Shirt (1980). (Oxbridgenotes, 2014) Damages The duty of care when is not followed by the defendant, then, such failure must cause some kind of injury to the plaintiff. The injury that is caused should be the direct result of the acts of the defendant (causation). If the injury is not the resultant effect of the defendant failure, then, the defendant is not negligent. Further, the loss that is caused to the plaintiff should not be remote in nature (Allied Maples Group v Simmons Simmons [1995]. (Souper M, 2008) The plaintiff has to prove all the above elements to make a defendant negligent in his actions. When the defendant is an occupier of the premises, then, he is also imposed with a duty of care to provide safe environment to his visitors. When the premises is not safe or if the defendant is not able to keep the premises safe, then, the duty is said to be breached and any loss that is caused because of such breach will make the occupier of the premises negligent in his actions. Every defendant once proved to be negligent can still protect him under thedefense of contributory negligence by establishing the fact that the plaintiff has also indulged in some act/omission which has also contributed to the loss of the plaintiff. In such scenario, the liability that is imposed upon the defendant is reduced proportionately to the wrong that is incurred by the plaintiff himself (Astley Ors V. Austrust Limited(1999). Application Tamara visits the supermarket and found the last piece of her favorite brand. She ran very fast (as another customer was approaching) and fell over the melted ice cream. She suffers injuries. After understating the facts, it is submitted that Tamara can sue the supermarket under the law of negligence because: The Aldi supermarket is the owner of the store and it is its duty that the store must be safe for its visitors. This duty is extended to Tamara as she is the neighbor of the supermarket because they are in proximate relationship because any act or omission by the supermarket will affect Tamara directly. Also, the supermarket is duty bound to provide protection against all such acts or omission the effect of which it can reasonably predict. The supermarket failed in its duty to provide protection. This is because the staff of the supermarket only cleans the aisle every 40 minutes knowing the facts that there are many customers who are moving down the aisle and there are chances of accident. So the level of care is not met. This breach has caused harm to Tamara who is direct and predictable. So, the supermarket is negligent. But, the supermarket can take the defense of contributory negligence because Tamara ran very fast in order to take the chocolate knowing the fact that she might slip. But still she preferred to run very fast and thus has contributed to her loss. So, the liability of supermarket can be reduced to the contribution of Tamara. Conclusion The supermarket is liable under the law of negligence for causing harm to Tamara but it can take the defense of contributory negligence as Tamara has contributed to her own loss by running very fast. Reference List M Eburn (2013) Do Australian fire brigades owe a common law duty of care? A review of three recent cases, Victorian Law Journals. Oxbridgenotes (2014) negligence- Breach of duty. University of Sydney. P Latimer (2012) Australian Business Law, CCH Australia Limited, 2012. Souper M (2008) Sixth law Forum, Allied Maples Group v Simmons Simmons [1995]. Astley Ors V. Austrust Limited(1999). Caltex Refineries (Qld) Pty Ltd v Stavar [2009] NSWCA 258. Donoghue v Stevenson (1932). Electro Optics Systems West v NSW [2012] ACTSC 184. Graham Barclay Oysters v Ryan (2002) 211 CLR 540, [149]. Paris v Stepney Borough Council[1950] UKHL 3. Wyong Shire Council v Shirt (1980)

Dystopia and Utopia in the Giver free essay sample

The Idea of Utopia and Dystopia in The Giver The word â€Å"utopia† has come to define our ideal of a perfect society in terms of law, government, and social and living conditions. The idea behind a utopian society is that everyone works together for common good of the society and the laws and government are meant to protect the people within the community from the evils of the human race. In many ways, these societies take on a communist belief that order is the way to achieve this perfect society.In Lois Lowry’s novel, The Giver, Lowry discusses the idea of utopia, but in a way that has become very controversial. He presents Jonas’s society in a way that challenges this idea. While Jonas’s world is safe and free from pain and conflict, it is also a world without emotion, diversity, and the freedom to choose. In this way, Lowry presents the idea of utopia as a fallacy and Jonas’s world is more a dystopia that a utopia. We will write a custom essay sample on Dystopia and Utopia in the Giver or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When we as readers are first introduced to the world in which Jonas lives, it appears to be ideal.There is no poverty, hunger, or discrimination. Everyone has a successful job, and everyone works toward the common good of the society. There is also no fear and no pain. Everything is controlled by the government, and anyone that tries to â€Å"harm† the society is â€Å"released†. All of the members of the community have given up their collective memories so they have no memories of anything bad. The society pushed the issue of â€Å"sameness† so that there was no competition and everyone was on an equal playing field.